An individual with an asthma attack; has the following data: pH = 7.32; [HCO3−] = 25 mEq/L; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2)= 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?
A)Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B)Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C)Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D)Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E)Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
In response to metabolic acidosis,the kidneys increase the excretion of net acid.Which of the following is the most important component of this compensatory response?
A)Increased filtered load of HCO3− B)Enhanced reabsorption of HCO3− by the proximal tubule C)Increased synthesis and excretion of NH4+ D)Reduced H+ secretion by the distal tubule and collecting duct E)Reduced secretion of HCO3− by the collecting duct
A 6-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with fever,abdominal cramps,and diarrhea.Arterial blood gas measurements are as follows: pH: 7.28 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) Pco2: 24 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO3−]: 11 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) What is the acid-base disorder?
A)Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B)Metabolic acidosis with respiratory acidosis C)Acute respiratory acidosis D)Chronic respiratory acidosis