A) Animal-dispersed plants
B) Fruit-eating bats and birds
C) Plant species requiring high light levels
D) Plant species requiring low light levels
E) Wind- and water-borne seeds and spores

A) Recolonization has been slow and incomplete.
B) Most colonizers have arrived by water rather than wind.
C) The thick layer of ash prevented forests from becoming reestablished.
D) After a century,the island has been repopulated,but species diversity is low.
E) After a century,the island has recovered and species composition is dynamic.

A) increasing richness eventually will lower overall community productivity.
B) all species will evolve by partitioning their niches so that a lower but stable diversity level can be maintained.
C) increasing richness will increase competition,which could eliminate some original mountain peak species.
D) one of the new arrivals will eventually drive out all the others,resulting in virtual monocultures on the peaks.
E) the original mountaintop species will move down the mountainsides,increasing the homogeneity of the mountain's plant communities.