A) the S/G₂ checkpoint
B) the G₁/S checkpoint
C) the spindle-assembly checkpoint
D) the G₂/M checkpoint
E) the G₁/G₂ checkpoint

A) retinoblastoma
B) xeroderma pigmentosum
C) cervical cancer
D) chronic myelogenous leukemia
E) Bloom syndrome

A) errors in transcription
B) the production of unbalanced gametes because of nondisjunction during meiosis
C) genetic or epigenetic changes in somatic cells
D) delayed cell division during early embryogenesis
E) No correct answer is provided.