A)If UGA, usually a stop codon, is found to code for an amino acid such as tryptophan (usually coded for by UGG only).
B)If one stop codon, such as UGA, is found to have a different effect on translation than another stop codon, such as UAA.
C)If prokaryotic organisms are able to translate a eukaryotic mRNA and produce the same polypeptide.
D)If several codons are found to translate to the same amino acid, such as serine.
E)If a single mRNA molecule is found to translate to more than one polypeptide when there are two or more AUG sites.

A)its involvement with binding the transcription factor that helps place polymerase II in the correct location
B)its direct binding of polymerase II
C)the ability of this sequence to bind to the start site
D)the supercoiling of the DNA near the start site
E)the 3-D shape of a DNA molecule

A)metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals have significant nutritional deficiencies.
B)enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA polymerase.
C)many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor, and affected individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting efficiently with DNA.
D)certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals lack key splicing factors.
E)genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.