(a) Describe by labeled diagram the structural components of the lac operon in E. coli. a() State the function of the lac regulator gene. b() State the function of fi -galactosidase in the lac system. c() Show by diagram the manner in which lactose brings about transcription of the three structural genes of the lac operon. d() Explain why certain mutations in the regulator gene (I -) of the lac system result in maximal synthesis of fi -galactosidase, permease, and transacetylase even in the absence of the inducer (lactose).