A) the effects of the size and shape of habitats.
B) interactions within homogeneous regions.
C) the biological components of the community.
D) interactions at the level of the biosphere.
E) none of the above

A) focused on multiple spatial scales.
B) required recovery of umbrella species.
C) includes dispersal corridors among all populations.
D) has now extended beyond the original range of the species.
E) none of the above

A) local patterns of precipitation
B) net immigration or emigration
C) unique local predators
D) heterogeneity in the disturbance pattern
E) none of the above