A) initial degradation of nutrients.
B) transport of substrates within the cell.
C) chemotactic response, particularly in gram-negative Bacteria.
D) regeneration of the periplasm.

A) eukaryotic cells.
B) nutrient transport.
C) chemotaxis.
D) clustering of certain rod-shaped bacteria.

A) form a monolayer due to the presence of diglycerol tetraethers.
B) form a bilayer due to the presence of sterols.
C) form a stable ring structure due to the presence of crenarchaeol.
D) form a bilayer due to the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine.