Draw and label the spatial and polarity relationships among the following translational components: ribosome (small and large subunits), growing polypeptide chains, amino acid attachment to tRNA, mRNA, codon, and anticodon.
The β chain of adult hemoglobin is composed of 146 amino acids of a known sequence. In comparing the normal β chain with the β chain in sickle cell hemoglobin, what alteration is one likely to find?
A) valine instead of glutamic acid in the sixth position B) glutamic acid replacing valine in the first position C) extensive amino acid substitutions D) trinucleotide repeats E) frameshift substitutions
Assume that a base addition occurs early in the coding region of a gene. Is the protein product of this gene expected to have more or fewer altered amino acids compared with the original gene with a base deletion late in the coding region?