During the middle of the twentieth century, the increased elk population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem led to a(n) _______ in the beaver population. The primary reason was that _______.
A) increase; elk were competing with beaver predators B) increase; elk diseases were also affecting the beaver predators C) decrease; elk diseases were also affecting beavers D) decrease; elk were eating preferred food plants of the beavers
A) how organisms interact with their environment. B) the causes and consequences of spatial variation across a range of scales. C) ecosystems. D) the environmental effects of human activities.
A) spatially heterogeneous with respect to at least one element or feature. B) at least 1 ha in area. C) shaped as a quadrilateral. D) sampled via aerial photography.