Predict What Would Occur If the Amount of Sodium Suddenly

Question

Predict what would occur if the amount of sodium suddenly increases in the blood.
A)Blood osmolarity would increase.
B)Blood aldosterone levels would decline.
C)Blood antidiuretic hormone would decline.
D)Both blood osmolarity would increase and aldosterone levels would decline.
E)Both blood osmolarity would increase and antidiuretic hormone levels would declinE.

Accepted Answer

An increase in blood sodium concentration (hypernatremia) leads to increased blood osmolarity, which triggers the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output and increased blood volume. Aldosterone, a hormone released by the adrenal glands, promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. In hypernatremia, the increased blood sodium concentration suppresses aldosterone release.