Question 2

(Essay)

Molecular biologists rely on many, often sophisticated, techniques to pursue their
discipline. Ultracentrifugation, electron microscopy, X -ray diffraction, electrophoresis, and computer interfacing are fundamental tools. Model organisms provide the raw materials for study. List three organisms (or organismic groups) often used by
recombinant DNA technologists and describe a major advantage of each group.

Answer

Bacteriophage: useful vector, relatively simple genome, short generation time. Bacteria: relatively simple, short generation time, simple growth requirements, well understood genetics, transformable. Viruses: capable of carrying
recombinant DNA and infecting eukaryotic cells. Yeast: relatively simple for a eukaryote, short generation time, simple growth requirements, transformable.