List and explain the five steps involved in DNA replication.

1. The enzyme DNA helicase unwinds and unzips the DNA strand by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.
2. New complementary DNA nucleotides are fit into place by the process of complementary base pairing. These are positioned and joined by the enzyme DNA polymerase.
3. DNA synthesis occurs in an antiparallel direction. The leading strand follows the helicase while the lagging strand results in short segments called Okazaki fragments.
4. The enzyme ligase seals any breaks or gaps in the DNA strand allowing DNA to return to its coiled state.
5. The result is two double-helix strands that are identical to each other.