A) a model in which cool material in the earth's crust rises and spreads laterally beneath the crustal plates B) the idea that Earth's crust is fragmented into rigid crusts that are sinking slowly beneath crustal plates C) the idea that sedimentary rock formation causes continents to drift apart slowly on their crustal plates D) observations of ridges on the sea floor, where magma pushes the surface upwards, thus moving and pushing older rock down into a ridge at the opposite edge of the sea floor E) evidence that severe disturbances in Earth's crust shaped the continents in a single large event