How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators?

A)Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed.
B)Predators have relatively large population sizes.
C)Predators are more disease-prone than animals at lower trophic levels.
D)Predators have short life spans and short reproductive periods.
E)Top-level predators are more likely to be stricken with parasites.