What Does It Mean to Say That a Signal Is

Question

What does it mean to say that a signal is transduced?
A)The signal enters the cell directly and binds to a receptor inside.
B)The physical form of the signal changes from one form to another.
C)The signal is amplified, such than even a single molecule evokes a large response.
D)The signal triggers a sequence of phosphorylation events inside the cell.
E)This signal triggers dephosphorylation events inside the cell.

Accepted Answer

Transduction refers to the process of converting a signal from one form to another. In the context of cell signaling, this often involves converting an extracellular signal (e.g. a hormone or neurotransmitter) into an intracellular signal (e.g. a change in the levels of second messengers like cAMP or Ca2+).