Which of the Following Statements is True About Buffer Solutions

Question

Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?
A)They maintain a constant pH when bases are added to them but not when acids are added to them.
B)They maintain a constant pH when acids are added to them but not when bases are added to them.
C)They maintain a relatively constant pH of approximately 7 when either acids or bases are added to them.
D)They maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them.
E)They are found only in living systems and biological fluids.

Accepted Answer

Buffer solutions are able to maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them. This is due to their ability to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base by undergoing a reversible reaction that converts some of the added acid or base into a weaker acid or base. As a result, the amount of H+ or OH- ions in the solution remains relatively stable and the pH does not change significantly. Option A and B are incorrect because buffer solutions are able to maintain a constant pH when both acids and bases are added to them. Option C is incorrect because the pH of buffer solutions can vary depending on their composition and the desired pH range. Option E is incorrect because buffer solutions can be found in many non-biological systems such as chemical laboratories and industrial processes.