Which of the Following Cytokines Promotes the Development of a Cell-Mediated

Question

Which of the following cytokines promotes the development of a cell-mediated immune response?
A) alpha interferon
B) chemokines
C) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
D) IL-4 (interleukin-4)
E) IL-12

Accepted Answer

IL-12 is known to promote the development of cell-mediated immunity by stimulating the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells, which can then activate cytotoxic T cells and macrophages to attack infected or cancerous cells. The other cytokines listed may have other roles in the immune response or may promote a different type of immune response.