The Second Line of Defense Against Invading Microbes Includes

Question

The second line of defense against invading microbes includes
A) the skin.
B) mucous membranes.
C) antibodies.
D) phagocytic white blood cells.
E) microbiota.

Accepted Answer

The second line of defense involves the innate immune response which includes phagocytic white blood cells like neutrophils and macrophages that can engulf and destroy invading microbes. The skin, mucous membranes, and microbiota are part of the first line of defense, while antibodies are part of the third line of defense or adaptive immune response.