How is Classical Conditioning Different from Operant Conditioning

Question

How is classical conditioning different from operant conditioning?
A) Classical conditioning associates a response with punishment, while operant conditioning links a response with a reward.
B) Classical conditioning associates a voluntary activity with a reward, while operant conditioning links two phenomena that are usually unrelated.
C) Classical conditioning associates instinctive behaviours with punishments, while operant conditioning links learned behaviours with rewards.
D) Classical conditioning associates two phenomena that are usually unrelated, while operant conditioning links a voluntary activity with a reward.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves pairing two stimuli to elicit a response (where the response is typically automatic or reflexive), as famously demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov's experiments with dogs. Operant conditioning, on the other hand, involves reinforcing or punishing a voluntary behavior to increase or decrease its occurrence, as developed by B.F. Skinner.