Which of the Following is Most Likely to Cause Ascites

Question

Which of the following is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices?
A) Common bile duct obstruction
B) Gallstones
C) Stenosis of the pyloric valve
D) Increased portal vein pressure

Accepted Answer

Increased portal vein pressure is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices. Portal hypertension can occur due to liver cirrhosis, which can lead to increased resistance to blood flow in the liver and increased pressure in the portal vein. This increased pressure can cause fluid to leak into the peritoneal cavity, leading to ascites, and can also lead to the development of esophageal varices due to increased pressure in the veins surrounding the esophagus. Common bile duct obstruction and gallstones can cause other complications such as cholangitis and pancreatitis, but they do not typically lead to ascites or esophageal varices. Stenosis of the pyloric valve can cause gastric outlet obstruction, but it is not directly related to ascites or esophageal varices.