Generation of Proton Gradients Across Membranes Occurs During

Question

Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during
A) photosynthesis.
B) respiration.
C) both photosynthesis and respiration.
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
E) photorespiration.

Accepted Answer

Both photosynthesis and respiration involve electron transport chains that create proton gradients across membranes. In photosynthesis, this occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, while in respiration, it occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Therefore, proton gradients are generated during both processes.