Which of the following is the best definition of parthenogenesis?

A) The creation of new organisms from body parts that have been pinched off from the parent
B) Gametes from the male developing into new offspring without combining with an egg
C) The combining of genetic material from two parents to produce genetically different offspring
D) A single organism producing both eggs and sperm and fertilizing itself
E) Eggs from a female developing into offspring without being fertilized