The discovery of ribozymes led to the theory that the evolution of life on Earth began with an "RNA world." Describe the chemical properties and functions of RNA that would allow it to be the basis of the first self-replicating systems.

RNA, or ribonucleic acid, has several chemical properties and functions that make it a plausible candidate for the basis of the first self-replicating systems in an "RNA world" scenario.

Firstly, RNA is capable of both storing genetic information and catalyzing chemical reactions. This dual functionality is crucial for self-replication, as it allows RNA molecules to not only carry the instructions for their own replication but also to catalyze the chemical reactions necessary for that replication to occur.

Additionally, RNA can form complex three-dimensional structures, allowing it to interact with other molecules and perform specific functions. This structural versatility would have been essential for early self-replicating systems to carry out a wide range of biochemical processes.

Furthermore, RNA is more chemically versatile than DNA, which suggests that it may have been better suited for the diverse roles required in early life forms. For example, RNA can act as a template for protein synthesis, as well as catalyze a variety of biochemical reactions.

Overall, the chemical properties and functions of RNA, including its ability to store genetic information, catalyze reactions, form complex structures, and interact with other molecules, make it a compelling candidate for the basis of the first self-replicating systems in an "RNA world" scenario. Its versatility and adaptability would have allowed for the emergence and evolution of early life on Earth.