Among the Major Causes of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Is/are

Question

Among the major causes of vulvovaginal candidiasis is/are
A) sexual promiscuity AND intense antibacterial treatment.
B) intense antibacterial treatment AND disruption of normal microbiota.
C) disruption of normal microbiota AND advanced age.
D) the use of oral contraceptives, advanced age, AND disruption of normal microbiota.
E) intense antibacterial treatment, disruption of normal microbiota, AND the use of oral contraceptives.

Accepted Answer

Intense antibacterial treatment can disrupt the normal microbiota, including the balance of yeast and bacteria in the vagina, leading to overgrowth of Candida species, which causes vulvovaginal candidiasis. The use of oral contraceptives has also been associated with an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis, likely due to hormonal changes affecting the vaginal environment.